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Food is a complex mixture of chemical compounds. Each ingredient has its own characteristics and nutritional profile but is associated also to specific risks.
Do you know that in a single cup of coffee there are more than 1'000 different chemicals molecules?
Milk main constituents are water, lactose, fat, protein, and minerals. Its exact composition varies depending on the species (e.g. cow, goat, sheep), breed (e.g. Holstein, Jersey), the animal's feed and defines its specific nutritional profile.
Do you know that milk can also be contaminated by undesired chemicals, such as aflatoxin M1, veterinary drugs, aluminium, lead, phthalates?
Governmental and regulatory bodies, NGOs, consumers associations regularly test food stuff with various analytical methods including spectroscopy (e.g. UV, IR, and NMR), chromatography (e.g. TLC, HPLC, gas chromatography), and hyphenated techniques (e.g. LC–MS, GC–MS, GC–MS/MS) in order to check safety and compliance of finished products.
Do you know that every year more than 2'000 food products are affected by serious food safety incidents only in EU?
Once hazards have been identified risk assessment requires several steps including among others the characterization of toxilogical profile and exposure assessment. This leads up to a decision on whether any measures should be taken in order to prevent harm by this food or ingredient.